See murus on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "murate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "muroid"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:mūrus<t:wall>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrusbor.\nEnglish murus\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"wall\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"wall\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*moyros\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bind\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-ros\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*moiros\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"murus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"murus\">\nBorrowed from Latin mūrus (“wall”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrusbor.\nEnglish murus\nBorrowed from Latin mūrus (“wall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "muri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "muri"
},
"expansion": "murus (plural muri)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
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},
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"_dis": "68 32",
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},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 14 30 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 16 20 22 1",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 16 14 21 4",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 14 25 19 3",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wall, in the context of Ancient Rome. \"Ubi vero moveri et adpropinquare muris viderunt, nova atque inusitata specie commoti legatos ad Caesarem de pace miserunt,..\" Julius Caesar, Bellum Gallicum II"
],
"id": "en-murus-en-noun-Yemgsi8G",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Palynology",
"orig": "en:Palynology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 14 30 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pattern-forming ridge on the surface of a pollen grain."
],
"id": "en-murus-en-noun-F6aVpsJL",
"links": [
[
"palynology",
"palynology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(palynology) A pattern-forming ridge on the surface of a pollen grain."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"chemistry",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"palynology",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vallum"
}
],
"word": "murus"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "murus",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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{
"_dis": "36 14 30 19 2",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "muru"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inessive singular of muru"
],
"id": "en-murus-et-noun-3N5DTdK-",
"links": [
[
"muru",
"muru#Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"inessive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "murus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mūrālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mūrātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Mūrus dācicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Mūrus gallicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Mūrus Rōmulī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pōmērium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "mor"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "moir"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "muru"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "mûr"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "mûr"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "mir"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "mür"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "meir"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Padanian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bourguignon",
"lang_code": "roa-brg",
"word": "meur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"word": "meur"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"Guardiol"
],
"word": "mura"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "muru"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "muru"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "murus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "múr"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "mùr"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "múr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Breton",
"lang_code": "xbm",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Old Breton",
"lang_code": "obt",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*mʉr"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*mūrā"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "múr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*moiros<id:wall>",
"id": "wall",
"title": "mūrus",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrus\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*moiros\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūrus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"wall\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"mūrus\" id=\"Latin:_wall\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*moiros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *moiros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to fix, to build fortifications or fences"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "munio",
"3": "mūnīre",
"4": "to protect"
},
"expansion": "Latin mūnīre (“to protect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-mæri",
"3": "",
"4": "border-land, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -mæri (“border-land, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mære",
"3": "",
"4": "landmark, border, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Old English mære (“landmark, border, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मुर्",
"3": "",
"4": "wall",
"tr": "múr"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मुर् (múr, “wall”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मुर",
"3": "",
"4": "surrounding, encircling, enclosing"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मुर (mura, “surrounding, encircling, enclosing”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrus\nFrom Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”), see also Latin mūnīre (“to protect”), Old Norse -mæri (“border-land, boundary”), Old English mære (“landmark, border, boundary”). See also Sanskrit मुर् (múr, “wall”), Sanskrit मुर (mura, “surrounding, encircling, enclosing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mūrus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrus",
"links": [
[
"mūrus",
"murus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrōrum",
"links": [
[
"mūrōrum",
"murorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrō",
"links": [
[
"mūrō",
"muro#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrīs",
"links": [
[
"mūrīs",
"muris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrum",
"links": [
[
"mūrum",
"murum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrōs",
"links": [
[
"mūrōs",
"muros#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrō",
"links": [
[
"mūrō",
"muro#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrīs",
"links": [
[
"mūrīs",
"muris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūre",
"links": [
[
"mūre",
"mure#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūrus<2>"
},
"expansion": "mūrus m (genitive mūrī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūrus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pariēs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 14 30 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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{
"_dis": "92 8",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“We breach the walls and lay open the defenses of the city.”",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.234",
"text": "Dīvidimus mūrōs et moenia pandimus urbis.",
"translation": "“We breach the walls and lay open the defenses of the city.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, city wall(s), (usually of a city, as opposed to pariēs)"
],
"id": "en-murus-la-noun-1X64l41A",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"pariēs",
"paries#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They make mounds with ditches. Some call these walls, as in the region of Reate",
"ref": "116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Res Rustica 1.14",
"text": "Aggeres faciunt sine fossa: eos quidam vocant muros, ut in agro Reatino.",
"translation": "They make mounds with ditches. Some call these walls, as in the region of Reate",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mounds made without ditches"
],
"id": "en-murus-la-noun-rxDxL59s",
"links": [
[
"mounds",
"mounds"
],
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"ditches",
"ditches"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Reate) mounds made without ditches"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuː.rʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuː.rus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "murus"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (bind)",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in English entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in English entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "murate"
},
{
"word": "muroid"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:mūrus<t:wall>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrusbor.\nEnglish murus\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"wall\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"wall\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*moyros\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bind\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-ros\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*moiros\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"murus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"murus\">\nBorrowed from Latin mūrus (“wall”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrusbor.\nEnglish murus\nBorrowed from Latin mūrus (“wall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "muri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "muri"
},
"expansion": "murus (plural muri)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A wall, in the context of Ancient Rome. \"Ubi vero moveri et adpropinquare muris viderunt, nova atque inusitata specie commoti legatos ad Caesarem de pace miserunt,..\" Julius Caesar, Bellum Gallicum II"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Palynology"
],
"glosses": [
"A pattern-forming ridge on the surface of a pollen grain."
],
"links": [
[
"palynology",
"palynology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(palynology) A pattern-forming ridge on the surface of a pollen grain."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"chemistry",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"palynology",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vallum"
}
],
"word": "murus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "murus",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian non-lemma forms",
"Estonian noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "muru"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inessive singular of muru"
],
"links": [
[
"muru",
"muru#Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"inessive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "murus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with redundant wikilinks",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (bind)",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mūrālis"
},
{
"word": "mūrātus"
},
{
"word": "Mūrus dācicus"
},
{
"word": "Mūrus gallicus"
},
{
"word": "Mūrus Rōmulī"
},
{
"word": "pōmērium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "mor"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "moir"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "muru"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "mûr"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "mûr"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "mir"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "mür"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "meir"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Padanian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bourguignon",
"lang_code": "roa-brg",
"word": "meur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"word": "meur"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"Guardiol"
],
"word": "mura"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "muro"
},
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "muru"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "muru"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "murus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "múr"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "mùr"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "múr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Breton",
"lang_code": "xbm",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Old Breton",
"lang_code": "obt",
"word": "mur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "mur"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*mʉr"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*mūrā"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "múr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*moiros<id:wall>",
"id": "wall",
"title": "mūrus",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrus\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*moiros\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūrus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"wall\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"mūrus\" id=\"Latin:_wall\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*moiros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *moiros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to fix, to build fortifications or fences"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "munio",
"3": "mūnīre",
"4": "to protect"
},
"expansion": "Latin mūnīre (“to protect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-mæri",
"3": "",
"4": "border-land, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -mæri (“border-land, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mære",
"3": "",
"4": "landmark, border, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Old English mære (“landmark, border, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मुर्",
"3": "",
"4": "wall",
"tr": "múr"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मुर् (múr, “wall”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मुर",
"3": "",
"4": "surrounding, encircling, enclosing"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मुर (mura, “surrounding, encircling, enclosing”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mey-\nProto-Indo-European *-ros\nProto-Indo-European *moyros\nProto-Italic *moiros\nLatin mūrus\nFrom Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”), see also Latin mūnīre (“to protect”), Old Norse -mæri (“border-land, boundary”), Old English mære (“landmark, border, boundary”). See also Sanskrit मुर् (múr, “wall”), Sanskrit मुर (mura, “surrounding, encircling, enclosing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mūrus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrus",
"links": [
[
"mūrus",
"murus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrōrum",
"links": [
[
"mūrōrum",
"murorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrō",
"links": [
[
"mūrō",
"muro#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrīs",
"links": [
[
"mūrīs",
"muris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrum",
"links": [
[
"mūrum",
"murum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrōs",
"links": [
[
"mūrōs",
"muros#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrō",
"links": [
[
"mūrō",
"muro#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrīs",
"links": [
[
"mūrīs",
"muris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūre",
"links": [
[
"mūre",
"mure#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mūrī",
"links": [
[
"mūrī",
"muri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūrus<2>"
},
"expansion": "mūrus m (genitive mūrī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūrus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pariēs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“We breach the walls and lay open the defenses of the city.”",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.234",
"text": "Dīvidimus mūrōs et moenia pandimus urbis.",
"translation": "“We breach the walls and lay open the defenses of the city.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, city wall(s), (usually of a city, as opposed to pariēs)"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"pariēs",
"paries#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin dialectal terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They make mounds with ditches. Some call these walls, as in the region of Reate",
"ref": "116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Res Rustica 1.14",
"text": "Aggeres faciunt sine fossa: eos quidam vocant muros, ut in agro Reatino.",
"translation": "They make mounds with ditches. Some call these walls, as in the region of Reate",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mounds made without ditches"
],
"links": [
[
"mounds",
"mounds"
],
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"ditches",
"ditches"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Reate) mounds made without ditches"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuː.rʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuː.rus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "murus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for murus meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialectal, Reate",
"path": [
"murus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "murus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialectal, Reate",
"path": [
"murus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "murus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.